From: Diabetes Today January 17th 2006.

Genetic research done by DeCode scientists in Iceland found that a gene variant (TCF7L2) found on chromosome 10q is present in nearly 40% of the population and increases the risk of T2DM by about 40%. For the 7% with two copies of the gene, the risk for T2DM rises to 120%. Affected patients tend to have a younger age of onset and be thinner than most patients with T2DM. The variant gene is a transcription factor (a gene which controls other genes in the Wnt pathway) and may account for 20% of T2DM

From Endocrinology Today February 2006

The FDA has approved inhaled insulin for treatment of diabetes. The treatment is not recommended for smokers or those with prior lung problems. Early trials suggested that falls in blood glucose levels after inhaled insulin were comparable to that after insulin injection